There are many positive aspects of growing older but one of the biggest challenges has to do with health issues. Unfortunately, most people begin experiencing one type of health problem or another around the age of 50. For some people, the problem is nothing more than an annoyance but for others, it can be quite significant. One example that we wanted to discuss is known as Polymyalgia Rheumatica.
While there are reported cases of this disorder affecting younger people, it typically hits around age 65 or older. With this, an individual would experience both pain and stiffness although the level of intensity can be unique for everyone. A frustrating and often frightening aspect compared to other illnesses is that symptoms come on extremely fast, usually within just a few days.
Common Symptoms
Anyone 65 or older should take the time to learn about the symptoms of this condition. Following is a list of specific, as well as general symptoms that go hand-in-hand with this particular inflammatory disorder. We want to point out that stiffness and pain would be the two changes noticed first, which may or may not be coupled with one or more of the general symptoms provided.
- General Symptoms
- Low-grade fever (100 degrees or less)
- Poor appetite
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Depression
- Overall feeling of being ill
- Specific Symptoms
- Shoulder stiffness and/or pain (usually the first symptom)
- Additional stiffness and pain felt in the neck, lower back, hips, thighs, and buttocks
- Tenderness in the upper arm region
- Stiffness and pain first thing in the morning or after being sedentary particularly
- Reduced range of motion in the area of the body involved
- Stiffness and pain can also be felt in the knees and wrists (not as common)
Although symptoms come on fast as stated, initially an individual might not give them much thought. However, if any of the mentioned symptoms are something new, if the person finds it difficult to sleep, or normal daily activities are altered, it would be essential to seek medical care. Of course, a doctor should be seen if at any time someone has concerns or questions regardless.
Although age is the primary factor for the onset of this inflammatory disorder, studies show that women develop this disorder twice as often as men do. In addition, experts now recognize that people of Northern European origin, especially those from a Scandinavian descent, are at much higher risk. Over the years, medical professionals have learned a lot about this condition but additional research is needed to fully understand the causes.
Causes of the Disorder
It is known that proteins and inflammatory cells that usually help fight off disease and illness play a key role to the development of the disorder. For some reason, both become active even when there is not disease or illness to fight off and in this particular case, the activity focuses on certain tissues around joints but in concentrated levels. The pain felt is called “referred pain”, which is in response to the inflammation. Although this is the main reason for this condition developing, there are others as listed below.
- Genetics – Today, medical scientists and researchers have not been able to identify the exact gene or genes involved but prevalence is much greater for people of certain ancestry, as stated, as well as those with a family history of the disorder.
- Environment – Research continues in this area but according to the latest findings, it appears that infectious diseases could be a trigger to this inflammatory condition.
- Giant Cell Arteritis – Cells and proteins that promote inflammation are extremely active in a disease called Giant Cell Arteritis or GCA. Again, more research is needed to fully understand the connection but what experts do know is that lining of arteries become inflamed. The difference is that stiffness and pain of Polymyalgia Rheumatica is relatively widespread while Giant Cell Arteritis involves only the temple. Someone with GCA can develop this secondary condition.
Proper Diagnosis and Treatment
Once symptoms appear, it is imperative an individual see a qualified doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment. To confirm the presence of this condition, the doctor would perform a thorough physical examination but also gather information about the patient and family’s medical history. From there, several blood tests would be conducted, allowing the doctor to see levels of certain hormones, the presence of a viral infection, and a number of other changes within the body.
Measurements would also be taken of a person’s SED rate, checking the distance of red blood cells, as well as the concentration level of C-reactive protein. It is also common for an ultrasound to be performed as a means of identifying inflammation within tissue. Along with this, the doctor would check for specific symptoms associated with Giant Cell Arteritis since this is often associated. Once a firm diagnosis is made, the proper treatment could be determined.
Below we listed the types of treatments that are generally used to treat this inflammatory disorder. Of course, the exact treatment would depend on the individual, based on the areas of the body affected and the intensity of stiffness and pain.
- Corticosteroids – There are several options that could be considered but Prednisone is usually the preferred one by doctors. If prescribed, the individual would need to be carefully monitored in that corticosteroids taken over a long period can cause a number of unpleasant side effects, some quite serious.
- Supplements – Vitamin D coupled with calcium is also beneficial. However, these supplements are not intended to treat the condition but to combat the development of osteoporosis, which is one of the side effects of taking corticosteroids.
- Physical Therapy – In certain cases, physical therapy would help improve mobility and boost strength
- Lifestyle Changes – Even making certain lifestyle choices would benefit the person with this disorder. For instance, it would be essential to eat well-balanced meals, get a minimum of 30 minutes exercise daily, and use any number of devices to make carrying, pushing, and lifting easier such as a grocery cart, reaching arm, and shower/bath grab bar, among others.
The bottom line is that Polymyalgia Rheumatica can be a debilitating condition. However, the best options for preventing symptoms from worsening or even spreading is by an individual taking symptoms serious when they first appear and then seeking care of a medical doctor with knowledge of this particular disorder.

